Q. I want to build a pair of speakers with a woofer or subwoofer sitting UNDER my desk and two small bookshelf speakers sitting ON my desk with a mid-range and tweeter in each of them. Will this work? And also, why do you make a hole in the cabinet of the subwoofer/woofer? Should I do this? If so, how?
A. No you probably shouldn't do that. Mathematics to design a sealed box system can be done using simple arithmetic but to design a ported system requires 4th order differential equations. You can do it because these days software does all the hard parts for you. http://www.ht-audio.com/pages/BassBoxPro.html but for a simple system like that you're probably better off going with a sealed system. But just FYI, the "hole" or port is tuned to a specific frequency. At that tuned frequency the port and the woofer are in phase thus adding increasing output. Below this frequency they move out of phase and cancel causing the roll off to be steeper. Above the port frequency the port gradually produces less and less output until eventually it in effect ceases to exist.
You may want to consider a kit from Parts Express. http://www.parts-express.com/wizards/searchResults.cfm?srchExt=CAT&srchCat=769 I'm not sure if any of these will work for you.
You can develop your own design but passive crossover design (or active for that matter) is not a trivial task. Proper measurement equipment and CAD software can make it pretty easy after you've had some experience. First you need Arta http://www.fesb.hr/~mateljan/arta/ which you can download and use free. You will also need a measurement microphone and a good sound card. http://www.earthworksaudio.com/our-microphones/m-series/m30/ Once you have made measurements you need the crossover design software http://www.ijdata.com/ (800 Euro or about US$1050). Without these tools it's pretty hard to get good results.
Speaker building is a fun hobby and I don't want to discourage you from it. Especially in the mass market speaker manufacturers don't set the bar very high so even if you don't know what you're doing it's not too difficult to beat the performance of commercial options simply because you usually don't have access to the ultra cheap OEM drivers. You simply can't buy crappy enough drivers to sound as bad as most mass market commercial options!
Visit the AVS Forum DIY section, http://www.avsforum.com/avs-vb/forumdisplay.php?f=155 and take a look at some of the projects on the Parts Express web site. Sometimes PE does have "Buyout" deals giving you access to the really cheap drivers like mass market products use. This will allow you to give speaker building a try without spending much money.
Another option would be to look at "full range" drivers. This would eliminate the need for passive crossovers. The subwoofer is pretty simple and hard to screw up. Find a woofer with a low Fs (Resonance Frequency) and a medium Qts (damping factor) Qts = 0.7 needs to be infinite baffle, greater than 0.7 possibly can be used in open baffle with EQ but don't put it in any box of any size. Making the sealed box too large is far better than making it too small so error on the large side and you will be ok. Tang Band makes some really nice high excursion small woofers around 6.5" that would work great.
Have fun!
mk
You may want to consider a kit from Parts Express. http://www.parts-express.com/wizards/searchResults.cfm?srchExt=CAT&srchCat=769 I'm not sure if any of these will work for you.
You can develop your own design but passive crossover design (or active for that matter) is not a trivial task. Proper measurement equipment and CAD software can make it pretty easy after you've had some experience. First you need Arta http://www.fesb.hr/~mateljan/arta/ which you can download and use free. You will also need a measurement microphone and a good sound card. http://www.earthworksaudio.com/our-microphones/m-series/m30/ Once you have made measurements you need the crossover design software http://www.ijdata.com/ (800 Euro or about US$1050). Without these tools it's pretty hard to get good results.
Speaker building is a fun hobby and I don't want to discourage you from it. Especially in the mass market speaker manufacturers don't set the bar very high so even if you don't know what you're doing it's not too difficult to beat the performance of commercial options simply because you usually don't have access to the ultra cheap OEM drivers. You simply can't buy crappy enough drivers to sound as bad as most mass market commercial options!
Visit the AVS Forum DIY section, http://www.avsforum.com/avs-vb/forumdisplay.php?f=155 and take a look at some of the projects on the Parts Express web site. Sometimes PE does have "Buyout" deals giving you access to the really cheap drivers like mass market products use. This will allow you to give speaker building a try without spending much money.
Another option would be to look at "full range" drivers. This would eliminate the need for passive crossovers. The subwoofer is pretty simple and hard to screw up. Find a woofer with a low Fs (Resonance Frequency) and a medium Qts (damping factor) Qts = 0.7 needs to be infinite baffle, greater than 0.7 possibly can be used in open baffle with EQ but don't put it in any box of any size. Making the sealed box too large is far better than making it too small so error on the large side and you will be ok. Tang Band makes some really nice high excursion small woofers around 6.5" that would work great.
Have fun!
mk
How do I find a Yahoo mail icon and not just create a shortcut?
Q. I had a Yahoo mail icon up until yesterday when a family member uninstalled something in the add/remove section of my computer. As a result, the icon is missing. I do not want internet explorer shortcut, but the original Yahoo mail icon. No one seems to know how! Do you? The icon is not in recycling bin, and all other ideas do not produce this icon, but only a shortcut with a picture of an "e" which I do not want!
A. Use Internet explorer to log on to yahoo mail but don`t log in.When
yahoo mail come`s on your screen right click open on any area of the web page a drop down box will come up click on where it say`s create shortcut and it will put a direct link to yahoo mail on your desk top it should not have a big e for the Icon it should have a big red Y for a Icon if you don`t want that for an Icon then right click on the on the Icon for yahoo mail that you have and another drop down box will come up click on where it say`s properties`s a new box will come up click on the tab that say`s web document thatclick on change Icon select the Icon that you want click on ok then click on apply then ok again.and it will change your Icon or you can make your own Icon with free software called icofx it can be used to make Icon`s out of your picture`s or you can do the reverse make picture`s out of your icon`s and you can do a lot other thing`s with it. This is where you can get it.
http://icofx.en.softonic.com/
I hope this can help you.
yahoo mail come`s on your screen right click open on any area of the web page a drop down box will come up click on where it say`s create shortcut and it will put a direct link to yahoo mail on your desk top it should not have a big e for the Icon it should have a big red Y for a Icon if you don`t want that for an Icon then right click on the on the Icon for yahoo mail that you have and another drop down box will come up click on where it say`s properties`s a new box will come up click on the tab that say`s web document thatclick on change Icon select the Icon that you want click on ok then click on apply then ok again.and it will change your Icon or you can make your own Icon with free software called icofx it can be used to make Icon`s out of your picture`s or you can do the reverse make picture`s out of your icon`s and you can do a lot other thing`s with it. This is where you can get it.
http://icofx.en.softonic.com/
I hope this can help you.
Whats the difference between Linux and Windows?
Q. Whats the difference between Linux and Windows?
Would you highly reccomend Linux?
What are some of the features?
Would you highly reccomend Linux?
What are some of the features?
A. 1: Full access vs. no accessHaving access to the source code is probably the single most significant difference between Linux and Windows. The fact that Linux belongs to the GNU Public License ensures that users (of all sorts) can access (and alter) the code to the very kernel that serves as the foundation of the Linux operating system. You want to peer at the Windows code? Good luck. Unless you are a member of a very select (and elite, to many) group, you will never lay eyes on code making up the Windows operating system.
#2: Licensing freedom vs. licensing restrictionsAlong with access comes the difference between the licenses. Iâm sure that every IT professional could go on and on about licensing of PC software. But letâs just look at the key aspect of the licenses (without getting into legalese). With a Linux GPL-licensed operating system, you are free to modify that software and use and even republish or sell it (so long as you make the code available). Also, with the GPL, you can download a single copy of a Linux distribution (or application) and install it on as many machines as you like. With the Microsoft license, you can do none of the above. You are bound to the number of licenses you purchase, so if you purchase 10 licenses, you can legally install that operating system (or application) on only 10 machines.
#3: Online peer support vs. paid help-desk supportThis is one issue where most companies turn their backs on Linux. But itâs really not necessary. With Linux, you have the support of a huge community via forums, online search, and plenty of dedicated Web sites. And of course, if you feel the need, you can purchase support contracts from some of the bigger Linux companies (Red Hat and Novell for instance).
However, when you use the peer support inherent in Linux, you do fall prey to time.
On the other side of the coin is support for Windows.
#4: Full vs. partial hardware supportOne issue that is slowly becoming nonexistent is hardware support. Years ago, if you wanted to install Linux on a machine you had to make sure you hand-picked each piece of hardware or your installation would not work 100 percent. I can remember, back in 1997-ish, trying to figure out why I couldnât get Caldera Linux or Red Hat Linux to see my modem. After much looking around, I found I was the proud owner of a Winmodem. So I had to go out and purchase a US Robotics external modem because that was the one modem I knew would work. This is not so much the case now. You can grab a PC (or laptop) and most likely get one or more Linux distributions to install and work nearly 100 percent. But there are still some exceptions. For instance, hibernate/suspend remains a problem with many laptops, although it has come a long way.
With Windows, you know that most every piece of hardware will work with the operating system. Of course, there are times (and I have experienced this over and over) when you will wind up spending much of the day searching for the correct drivers for that piece of hardware you no longer have the install disk for. But you can go out and buy that 10-cent Ethernet card and know itâll work on your machine (so long as you have, or can find, the drivers). You also can rest assured that when you purchase that insanely powerful graphics card, you will probably be able to take full advantage of its power.
#5: Command line vs. no command lineNo matter how far the Linux operating system has come and how amazing the desktop environment becomes, the command line will always be an invaluable tool for administration purposes. Nothing will ever replace my favorite text-based editor, ssh, and any given command-line tool. I canât imagine administering a Linux machine without the command line. But for the end user â not so much. You could use a Linux machine for years and never touch the command line. Same with Windows. You can still use the command line with Windows, but not nearly to the extent as with Linux. And Microsoft tends to obfuscate the command prompt from users. Without going to Run and entering cmd (or command, or whichever it is these days), the user wonât even know the command-line tool exists. And if a user does get the Windows command line up and running, how useful is it really?
#6: Centralized vs. noncentralized application installationThe heading for this point might have thrown you for a loop. But letâs think about this for a second. With Linux you have (with nearly every distribution) a centralized location where you can search for, add, or remove software. Iâm talking about package management systems, such as Synaptic. With Synaptic, you can open up one tool, search for an application (or group of applications), and install that application without having to do any Web searching (or purchasing).
Windows has nothing like this. With Windows, you must know where to find the software you want to install, download the software (or put the CD into your machine), and run setup.exe o
#2: Licensing freedom vs. licensing restrictionsAlong with access comes the difference between the licenses. Iâm sure that every IT professional could go on and on about licensing of PC software. But letâs just look at the key aspect of the licenses (without getting into legalese). With a Linux GPL-licensed operating system, you are free to modify that software and use and even republish or sell it (so long as you make the code available). Also, with the GPL, you can download a single copy of a Linux distribution (or application) and install it on as many machines as you like. With the Microsoft license, you can do none of the above. You are bound to the number of licenses you purchase, so if you purchase 10 licenses, you can legally install that operating system (or application) on only 10 machines.
#3: Online peer support vs. paid help-desk supportThis is one issue where most companies turn their backs on Linux. But itâs really not necessary. With Linux, you have the support of a huge community via forums, online search, and plenty of dedicated Web sites. And of course, if you feel the need, you can purchase support contracts from some of the bigger Linux companies (Red Hat and Novell for instance).
However, when you use the peer support inherent in Linux, you do fall prey to time.
On the other side of the coin is support for Windows.
#4: Full vs. partial hardware supportOne issue that is slowly becoming nonexistent is hardware support. Years ago, if you wanted to install Linux on a machine you had to make sure you hand-picked each piece of hardware or your installation would not work 100 percent. I can remember, back in 1997-ish, trying to figure out why I couldnât get Caldera Linux or Red Hat Linux to see my modem. After much looking around, I found I was the proud owner of a Winmodem. So I had to go out and purchase a US Robotics external modem because that was the one modem I knew would work. This is not so much the case now. You can grab a PC (or laptop) and most likely get one or more Linux distributions to install and work nearly 100 percent. But there are still some exceptions. For instance, hibernate/suspend remains a problem with many laptops, although it has come a long way.
With Windows, you know that most every piece of hardware will work with the operating system. Of course, there are times (and I have experienced this over and over) when you will wind up spending much of the day searching for the correct drivers for that piece of hardware you no longer have the install disk for. But you can go out and buy that 10-cent Ethernet card and know itâll work on your machine (so long as you have, or can find, the drivers). You also can rest assured that when you purchase that insanely powerful graphics card, you will probably be able to take full advantage of its power.
#5: Command line vs. no command lineNo matter how far the Linux operating system has come and how amazing the desktop environment becomes, the command line will always be an invaluable tool for administration purposes. Nothing will ever replace my favorite text-based editor, ssh, and any given command-line tool. I canât imagine administering a Linux machine without the command line. But for the end user â not so much. You could use a Linux machine for years and never touch the command line. Same with Windows. You can still use the command line with Windows, but not nearly to the extent as with Linux. And Microsoft tends to obfuscate the command prompt from users. Without going to Run and entering cmd (or command, or whichever it is these days), the user wonât even know the command-line tool exists. And if a user does get the Windows command line up and running, how useful is it really?
#6: Centralized vs. noncentralized application installationThe heading for this point might have thrown you for a loop. But letâs think about this for a second. With Linux you have (with nearly every distribution) a centralized location where you can search for, add, or remove software. Iâm talking about package management systems, such as Synaptic. With Synaptic, you can open up one tool, search for an application (or group of applications), and install that application without having to do any Web searching (or purchasing).
Windows has nothing like this. With Windows, you must know where to find the software you want to install, download the software (or put the CD into your machine), and run setup.exe o
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